Water Treatment Guide

Water quality is determined by several parameters including TDS (Total Dissolved Solids), pH level, hardness, turbidity, and the presence of contaminants like heavy metals, bacteria, and chemicals. In Gujarat, borewell water often has high TDS (500-3000 ppm) and hardness (300-1000 ppm), making treatment essential.

• TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) - Acceptable: below 500 ppm
• Hardness - Acceptable: below 150 ppm
• pH Level - Ideal range: 6.5 to 8.5
• Turbidity - Should be below 5 NTU
• Chloride - Below 250 mg/L for drinking water

RO technology forces water through semi-permeable membranes to remove dissolved salts, heavy metals, and contaminants. It is the most effective method for treating high-TDS water, commonly found in Gujarat borewells.

• Removes 95-99% of dissolved salts and contaminants
• Available from 25 LPH (domestic) to 50,000+ LPH (industrial)
• Pre-treatment essential for membrane longevity
• Recovery rates typically 60-80% depending on feed water quality
• Annual membrane replacement recommended for optimal performance

Hard water causes scale buildup in pipes, appliances, and industrial equipment. Water softeners use ion-exchange resin to replace calcium and magnesium ions with sodium ions, preventing scaling and extending equipment life.

• Prevents pipeline scaling and corrosion
• Extends life of geysers, washing machines, and boilers
• Reduces soap and detergent consumption by 50%
• Resin regeneration with common salt (NaCl)
• ROI typically within 12-18 months for societies

STPs treat wastewater from residential and commercial buildings, making it suitable for reuse in gardening, flushing, and cooling. Mandatory for buildings with 20,000+ sq ft area under Gujarat Pollution Control Board guidelines.

• Technologies: MBBR, SBR, MBR based on requirement
• Treated water reusable for landscaping and flushing
• Reduces fresh water consumption by 40-60%
• Mandatory compliance with GPCB norms
• Regular maintenance ensures consistent output quality

ETPs treat industrial wastewater to meet discharge standards set by GPCB. Different industries produce different types of effluents requiring customized treatment approaches.

• Customized design based on effluent characteristics
• Chemical, biological, and physical treatment stages
• Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) systems available
• Compliance with GPCB discharge standards
• Continuous monitoring and automation options